Glossary
The following are terms that may be helpful to individuals interested in understanding more about the science behind Rivertop Renewables.
- Aldaric acid - a group of sugar acids characterized by the formula HOOC-(CHOH)n-COOH. Arabinaric, galactaric (mucic), glucaric (saccharic), mannaric, ribaric and xylaric acids are all aldaric acids.
- Anti-icing - the practice of applying chemicals to roadways or other surfaces to prevent frost and ice from forming.
- Arabinarates - a salt or ester derivative of arabinaric acid.
- Arabinaric acid - a five carbon aldaric acid derived from the simple sugar, arabinose.
- Carbohydrate chemistry - a subdiscipline of chemistry primarily concerned with the synthesis, structure, and function of carbohydrate molecules.
- Carboxylic acids - organic acids characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which has the formula -C(=O)OH, usually written -COOH or -CO2H.
- Concrete admixture - a chemical added to the concrete at the time of mixing to impart desirable behavior.
- De-icing - the practice of applying chemicals to roadways or other surfaces to remove previously formed frost or ice.
- Detergent builder - chemical additive used to extend or improve the cleaning properties of detergent surfactants. The primary function of builders is too soften water by sequestering metal cations, thus preventing soap scum formation.
- Exfoliant - a mechanical or chemical agent that is applied to the skin to remove dead cells from the surface.
- Glucarate - a salt or ester derivative of glucaric (saccharic) acid.
- Glucaric acid - a six carbon aldaric acid derived from the simple sugar, glucose.
- Gluconate - a salt or ester of gluconic acid.
- Gluconic acid - a sugar acid produced from the oxidation of the simple sugar, glucose. Gluconic acid differs from glucaric acid in that gluconic acid has only one carboxylic acid group whereas glucaric acid has two.
- Glucuronidation - the coupling of glucuronic acid with other substances to increase the water solubility of that substance for safe elimination from the human body.
- Hydroxycarboxylic acids - a group of organic compounds containing both carboxyl (-COOH) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups. Citric acid, gluconic acid, and glucaric acid are all examples of hydroxycarboxylic acids.
- Mannarate - a salt or ester derivative of mannaric acid.
- Mannaric acid - a six carbon diacid derived from the simple sugar mannose.
- Polyglucaramides - nylon-type polymers produced from combining glucaric acid with a diamine.
- Saccharic acid - a synonym for D-glucaric acid.